FATLIQUORS AND FATLIQUORıNG
Nowadays,
consumption of fatliquors (
400.000 tons) has the most higher value
between syntans ( 250 000 tons) and dyestuff ( 150 000 tons) in leather industry. Fatliquors are applied to leather in the form of aqueous emulsion. ( oil in
water , not water in oil)
The
partical size of emulsion is important
couse of it is about penetration of fatliquors
in to the leather. If partical size more than 100 nm emulsion is coarse and relatively only surface which can’t
penetration. However, if partical size is decrease , we will have beter penetration and softness leathers.
Other important subject is stabilty of the fatliquor
emulsions.their stabilties are
influencing with charged ions, neutral salts and level of acidity both in
the leather and the fatliquoring. While during the fatliquoring if emulsion brake down . fatliquoring
problems occured. We have to control the
temperature .(max 50-55 ) if temperature under too much 50, we
haven’t stabile emulsion. We should use ¼ 1/5
rate ( oil / water) . if possible use soft water.
There is a sulfated rate in fatliquors. We can
say basicly: highly sulfated oil will tend to penetrate the leather creating softer leather whereas
a low sulfated will penetrate
less creating a firmer leathers.
İf we say someting about the effect of
fatliquoring during piling and leather drying, fatliquored leather dries more rapidly then a unfatliquored leather.
The fatliquoring process is crucial to the development of the pysical
properties of the leather (Aestheric properties such as softness and handle. Another properties such
as the grain break characteristics,looseness, and penetration of finishing
substances, tear and tensile strenght.
İn
addition we can say problems associated with fatliquoring . these are fatty stains, unlevel dyeings,poor rub
fastness, poor finish adhesion, dark flanks and belly areas, hard leather.poor
and loose grain and area loss.
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